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Palm oil

WHAT IS PALM OIL

Palm oil is a kind of vegetable oil grouped broadly as follows:

1. Seed oils, such as groundnut or peanut oil, maize germ or corn oil, coconut
    oil, palm kernel oil and soya bean oil; and

2) Fruit oils, especially olive oil, sunflower oil and palm oil.


It took a long years for oil palm of Malaysia to occupy its present position in biological, technical, managerial and environmental.

Oil Palm has both  perennial and evergreen nature (giving a continuous year-round canopy cover intercepting a high proportion of incoming radiation), the year-round production of fruit bunches and the high partition of total assimilates into harvested product.

The fruit of new tree varieties has a higher proportion of flesh (from which the palm oil is obtained) relative to kernel (from which palm kernel oil is extracted).  Generally, palm oil is used as cooking oil while palm kernel oil is used in making processed foods.

You can look forward to enjoying soap, shampoos and other palm oil products with a clean conscience following overwhelming acceptance by the Roundtable for Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO) - a group of producers, buyers, retailers, financial institutions and NGOs - on a set of criteria for the responsible production of palm oil.

Known as the "RSPO Principles and Criteria for Sustainable Palm Oil Production", the criteria give companies much-needed guidelines to produce palm oil in an environmentally-friendly and socially-responsible way. Its ratification was the result of a year-long participatory process involving a broad spectrum of stakeholders. WWF- Malaysia is an active member of the RSPO and was represented in the Criteria Working Group that helped develop the Principles and Criteria.
     
Oil Palm Tree Oil Palm Fruit Palm Oil

Palm oil is a form of edible vegetable oil obtained from the fruit of the Oil palm tree. The oil palm is a tropical palm tree. Palm oil requires particular temperature conditions.  Palm oil has a high solidification range of 41 - 31°C. In Malaysia it has a liquid consistency, but in temperate countries  it is fatty and need heating.
Palm oil Palm kernel oil

Palm oil is a dark yellow to yellow-red oil (high carotene content) of vegetable origin obtained by pressing or boiling the flesh of the fruit of the oil palm (Elaeis guineensis).

Palm kernel oil is obtained from the kernels of the oil palm

CHINESE TRANSLATION :
Palm Fatty Acid Distillate  -  棕榈脂肪酸蒸馏物
Crude Palm Oil  -  毛棕榈油
Palm Kernel  -  棕仁籽
RBD Soya Bean Oil  -  精炼豆油
Shortening  -  起酥油
Margarine  -  人造奶油

Biodiesel from Sabah under development

Palm Oil Refiners of Malaysia

Malaysia Palm Oil Association - MPOA  : http://www.mpoa.org.my

The Palm Oil Refiners Association of Malaysia - PORAM : http://www.poram.org.my/

Malaysian Medical Association : http://www.mma.org.my

More detail from wikipedia on Palm Oil :  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palm_oil

More detail from wikipedia on Oil Palm  :  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil_palm

Nutrition : Palm oil is high in vitamin K and dietary Magnesium. Palm oil contains 43 percent saturated fats, 43 percent monounsaturated fats and 13 percent polyunsaturated fats.

Its high nutritional value means that the palm nut is eaten by a wide variety of animals, including, rather improbably, two birds of prey, the Palm Nut Vulture and the Harrier Hawk

The fruit is reddish, about the size of a large plum and grows in large bunches. A bunch of fruits can weigh between 10 to 40 kilograms each. Each fruit contains a single seed (the palm kernel) surrounded by a soft oily pulp. Oil is extracted from both the pulp of the fruit and the kernel.

The Oil palm originated in West Africa but has since been planted successfully in tropical regions such as Malaysia within 20 degrees of the equator.

There are two species of oil palm, the better known one is the one originating from Guinea, Africa and was first illustrated by Nicholaas Jacquin in 1763, hence its name, Elaeis guineensis Jacq.
Palm-oil for energy : Malaysia has a long term plan in conversion of palm-oil into diesel fuel. This bio-fuel has burning qualities similar to those of  diesel fuels, as well as chemical stability and ignition properties. To use the palm-based diesel, vehicles need no engine modifications. Pollution and corrosion are reduced, without loss of power.

Make your own biodiesel : Anybody can make biodiesel. It's easy, you can make it in your kitchen -- and it's BETTER than the petrol-diesel fuel the big oil companies sell you. Your diesel motor will run better and last longer on your home-made fuel, and it's much cleaner -- better for the environment and better for health.

Here's how to do it -- everything you need to know source : http://www.journeytoforever.org
 

World Producers of Palm Oil
47% World's largest producer and exporter Malaysia
36% Second largest world producer Indonesia
Both nations are expanding their palm oil production capacity and the market continues to grow.

Every 100 kilograms of fruit bunches can extract 22 kilograms of palm oil and 1.6 kilograms of palm kernel oil.

Palm oil itself is reddish and contains a high amount of arytenoids. It is used as cooking oil, to make margarine and is a component of many processed foods.

Both palm and palm kernel oil are high in olefins, a potentially valuable chemical group that can be processed into many non-food products as well.

The high productivity of the Oil palm at producing oil (as high as 7,250 liters per hectare per year) has made it the prime source of vegetable oil for many tropical countries. Also, it is seen as a potential resource for producing the necessary vegetable oil for biodiesel.
Possible Health Concerns

Palm oil is a saturated fat that was taken out of many products in the late 1980's after an effective campaign waged in part by the American Soybean Association and the nonprofit Center for Science in the Public Interest (CSPI) helped turn people away from all forms of "tropical grease." Tropical oils were therefore replaced by hydrogenated oils about two decades ago owing to health concerns. However, faced with the lack of trans fat free vegetable oil alternatives, some companies are quietly turning back to palm and other tropical oils. Palm oil is semi-solid at room temperature, making it useful in products such as cookies, crackers, spreads, and bars. It is also less expensive than other vegetable oils. These companies oppose the claims of CSPI and argue that palm oil can be healthful. Labels for some products state that it has no trans-fatty acids. Also, although the so-called tropical oils, palm, coconut, and cocoa butter are high in saturated fats, evidence is still lacking about their effects on the heart. The countries with the highest palm-oil intake, Costa Rica and Malaysia, also have much lower heart disease rates and cholesterol levels than Western nations.

Palm and other tropical oils are thus reemerging partly because they are cheap and partly because more recent research appears to show that they may not all be as bad as once thought. Palm oil has a large portion of heart-healthy monounsaturated fats, vitamin E and other antioxidants. Recent studies appear to show that it acts like an unsaturated fat in the body and may help reduce cholesterol. However, other research indicates that has had no effect on blood cholesterol. Thus, the health effects of palm oil are still debated. The means of processing the oil could be an important factor.

Possible Environmental Concerns

A recent report from CSPI says that palm oil production contributes to the destruction of the rainforest. CSPI and some environmental groups are asking that companies which must use palm oil use as little as possible and obtain it from environmentally sustainable sources.

Michael F. Jacobson, who co-authored the report with wildlife ecologist Ellie Brown, said "consumers and food processors should realize that palm oil still promotes heart disease and that producing palm oil has a devastating impact on rainforest and endangered wildlife."

Most palm oil is produced in Malaysia or Indonesia. Production in Indonesia has grown more than 30-fold since the mid-1960s, such that almost 12,000 square miles are planted in oil palm.

In Malaysia, 11% of the total land area (about 62% of the country's agricultural land) is devoted to palm oil.

CSPI alleges that companies sometimes profit from selling logs from the rainforest and then burn the area to make way for oil palms.

The associated road-building, soil erosion, air and water pollution, and chemical contamination also have contributed to the loss of wildlife habitat and the displacement of indigenous peoples.

Soil erosion :

 loss of wildlife habitat...

...displacement of indigenous peoples.

 
CSPI, Environmental Defense, the International Primate Protection League, Rainforest Relief, WALHI/Friends of the Earth Indonesia, and a dozen other organizations from around the world are urging the International Monetary Fund, the World Bank, and other international aid agencies not to fund oil-palm development projects.

Palm Oil Inspection, Testing and Certification

PORAM Palm Oil Specification tests:

  • Free fatty acid
  • Moisture and impurities
  • Iodine value
  • Melting point
  • Colour
  • Saponifiable matter
  • Total fatty matter

Palm Oil Certification :

  • Full Out-turn guarantee FOG*
  • Supervision of shipment
  • Supervison of transport
  • Verification of quality
  • Verification of quantity
  • Verification of weight
  • Laboratory Analysis
  • Ship tank inspection
  • Storage tank inspection
  • Container tank inspection
  • Ship and Shore quantities
  • Discrepancies and loss investigation
  • Quality Control and sampling
  • Contract compliance

*FOG - Full Out-turn guarantee,  is provided to cover commercial risks for loss in weight between loading and discharge.

Testing provided includes all contractual specifications normally included in the palm oil market, including requirements for PORAM, STC, GCP, SAVOLA, etc.

 | INDEX : New Oil Palm | April 30, 2008 05:35:31 PM

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