Ficus deltoidea (Mas Cotek)狹葉金卓葉
Shrubs. Dioecious雌雄異株
Name of the Fig Species
Scientific Name: Ficus deltoidea Jack.
It is commonly known as Mas Cotek in Malaysia and is
well-regarded for its medicinal properties in traditional herbal
medicine.
General Description
Ficus deltoidea is a small evergreen shrub or epiphyte, typically reaching up to 2 meters in height. It features thick, leathery leaves that vary in shape - from triangular to oblong - with distinctive black glands on the underside. The plant produces small figs that ripen to yellow, orange, or red hue.
How It Grows and Attaches
This versatile plant can grew: - - As an epiphyte, residing on other trees without harming them. - - As a terrestrial shrub, thriving in various soil types - Its adaptability allows it to inhabit diverse environments, from forest canopies to rocky slops. .
Typical Habitat in Borneo
In Borneo, Ficus deltoidea is commonly found in:
- Lowland and mountain forests up to 3,200 meters altitude.
- Kerangas (heath) forests and peat swaps.
- Open areas with poor soils, such as ridges and rocky terrains.
Ecological Role in Borneo Rainforest
Ficus deltoidea serves as a vital food source for various animals, including: -
- Birds like the Yellow-rumped Flowerpecker, which feed on its fig. -
- Insects that assist in pollination through a mutualistic relationship with fig wasps. By providing nourishment and habitat, it supports the rainforest's biodiversity.
Unique Features or Adaptations
- Leaf Gland: The black glands on the leaf undersides may attract ants or birds, which help protect the plant by preying on leaf-eating insects. -
- Large Seed: Despite its small fruit size, it produces some of the largest seeds among Bornean figs, indicating unique ecological strategies. -
- Medicinal Use: Traditionally used in Malaysian medicine to regulate blood pressure, manage diabetes, and aid postnatal recovery.
Conservation Concerns or Interesting Facts
- Widespread Yet Understudied: While common in Borneo, its high-canopy growth makes it less visible and studied. -
- Cultural Significance: Known as "Mas Cotek" in Malay, it holds a place in traditional medicine and cultural practices. -
- Propagation Efforts: Initiatives like the Rescuing Borneo Project are cultivating Ficus deltoidea to restore degraded forests.