Family Moraceae, Genus Ficus 婆羅洲榕屬植物

Updated On : Sunday, 27 February, 2022 02:18:24 PM

HOME > Flora of Borneo > Family Moraceae > Genus Ficus 婆羅洲榕屬植物

Identify Fig Trees by Fig Fruits :

1- Fig Fruits of Root Climber
2- Fig Fruits of Short Tree
3- Fig Fruits of Short Tree Earth Fig
4- Fig Fruits of Shrub
5- Fig Fruits of Strangler with Many Roots
6- Fig Fruits of Strangler with One Trunk
7- Fig Fruits of Tall Tree
8- Fig Fruits of Tree Trunk Fig

Ficus virens
大葉榕?
Monoecious 雌雄同株
Strangler with Many Roots

The Eight Physical types of Fig Trees in Borneo:
There are 8 types of Fig Trees physically:

1- Root Climber
2- Short Tree
3- Short Tree Earth Fig
4- Shrub
5- Strangler with Many Roots
6- Strangler with One Trunk
7- Tall Tree
8- Tree Trunk Fig

5/8 Strangler with Many Roots

1- F. virens 黃葛樹 (大葉榕?) Chinese name possibly wrong

3/8 Short Tree Earth Fig :

1- F. beccarii
2- F. malayana
3- F. megaleia
4- F. tarennifolia
5- F. treubii
6- F. uncinata

1/8 Root Climbers :

1- F. allutacea
2- F. barba-jovis
3- F. punctata
4- F. recurva
5- F. villosa

7/8 Tall Trees :
1- F. callosa
2- F. nervosa

2/8 Short Trees Ficus :
1- F. uarata
2- F. brunneoaurata
3- F. eumorpha
4- F. fulva
5- F. grossularioides
6- F. lepicarpa
7- F. melinocarpa

8/8 Tree Trunk Figs :

1- F. cereicarpa
2- F. fistulosa
3- F. francisi
4- F. racemosa
5- F. rosulata
6- F. satterthwaitei
7- F. variegata

Tree Trunk Figs
聚果榕 Ficus racemosa
Monoecious 雌雄同株

聚果榕 Ficus racemosa

Shangri-la Tg Aru Resort 2021-04-10 SAT

An unidentified NON-POLLINATING fig wasp
that also breed in the fig, but which play no role in the pollination process.
♀2.25mm+4mm
Non-pollinators fig wasp lay eggs through the fig skin early in fruit development.

Ficus obscura 暗榕 Dioecious
Ficus scaberrima 粗葉榕 Dioecious

"....Previously F. scaberrima was known as Ficus pisifera but was split by Berg (2005) into two species, Ficus scaberrima in which the figs are hairless and Ficus obscura in which the figs are very hairy. ..."

Ficus scaberrima or Ficus obscura ?
borneoficus.info/2020

Stranglers with Many Roots
Ficus parietalis磚脈榕
Dioecious雌雄異株

Fruits from a a FEMALE tree

Family Moraceae
Ficus dubia 深紅果榕
Strangler with One Trunk

Ficus dubia fruits

Distinguishing Ficus drupacea and Ficus dubia by leaf and stipule.

Ficus dubia fruiting at Maliau attracts Borneo’s two largest hornbills.

Family Moraceae
Ficus subgelderi 淡金榕
Stranglers with One Trunk

淡金榕(金葉榕) Ficus subgelderi

Tree Trunk Figs
Ficus rosulata 施瓦茨榕
(Ficus schwarzii 2010)
Ficus schwarzii is now Ficus rosulata, Berg (2010)

Some common Figs of Borneo

1-Ficus drupacea 枕果榕 Monoecious 17.2mm

2-Ficus religiosa 菩提樹 Monoecious 12.1mm

3-Ficus heteropleura 尾葉榕 Dioecious ♀8.5mm

4-Ficus obscura 暗榕 Dioecious ♀11.7mm

5-Ficus microcarpa 細葉榕 Monoecious 8.6mm

6-Ficus benjamina 垂葉榕 Monoecious 8.6mm

7-Ficus cumingii 糙毛榕 Dioecious ♂9.0mm

Some Common Figs of Borneo
1-Ficus heteropleura 尾葉榕 Dioecious ♀9.0mm

2-Ficus tinctoria 斜葉榕 Dioecious ♀9.5mm

3-Ficus cumingii 糙毛榕 Dioecious ♀11.0mm

4-Ficus septica 棱果榕 Dioecious ♂19.3mm

5-Ficus benjamina 垂葉榕 Monoecious 8.6mm

6-Ficus microcarpa 細葉榕 Monoecious 6.8mm

Some Common Figs of Tawau Town:
1- Ficus religiosa 菩提樹 Monoecious

2- Ficus microcarpa 細葉榕 Monoecious

3- Ficus benjamina 垂葉榕 Monoecious

4- Ficus tinctoria 斜葉榕 Dioecious

The Two Reproduction types of Fig trees in Borneo:
There are 2 types of Fig trees in ways they reproduce:
1- Monoecious 雌雄同株 (having both male and female reproductive organs in the SAME plant.)
2- Dioecious雌雄異株 (having the male and female reproductive organs in SEPARATE plant.)

The Five Developing stages of a Dioecious Fig species with separate MALE and FEMALE trees:

MALE FIG	FEMALE FIG
MALE figs do not produce seeds for system. Male figs host development of pollinator wasps to pollinate FEMALE figs that produce seeds to continue the system.	But for some FEMALE fruits that do not support wasp development, the development stages is best classifies according ripening stages: FEMALE figs produce seeds to continue the system. Female figs do not support in developing the eggs into wasps.
1-Pre-receptive 2-Wasp-receptive 3-Wasp-developing 4-Wasp-emerging 5-Ripe	1-Pre-receptive 2-Pollinator Wasp-receptive 3-Seeds-developing 4-Seeds-hardening 5-Ripe

The Two Categories of Wasps that emerged from fig fruits:

1- POLLINATOR
2- NON-POLLINATOR

Pollinators and non-pollinating fig wasps breed in the fig, but non-pollinating wasps play no role in the pollination process.

Non-pollinators are pest wasps
From fig fruits’s perspective they are unwanted interlopers. In Borneo, more than one species of non-pollinating fig wasp can be associated with a particular fig tree species. For example Ficus septica 棱果榕 has two non-pollinating wasps.
Most of the non-pollinators lay eggs by inserting their ovipositor through the fig wall from the outside of the fig. These wasps often have extremely long “tails” (external ovipositors) the length of which has been evolutionarily determined by wall thickness of their host fig species.